P. v. Lopez CA2/7
An act of vandalism—spraying graffiti on a church wall—ended with one person dead and a second wounded. The shooter, Pedro Martinez, was convicted of first degree murder and attempted willful, deliberate and premeditated murder. Janeth Lopez, who had marked the church wall with spray paint, and Ivy Navarrete, who drove Martinez and Lopez away from the church after the shooting, were convicted of second degree murder, attempted willful, deliberate and premeditated murder and felony vandalism. Lopez and Navarrete appealed, challenging the propriety of their convictions under the natural and probable consequences doctrine and the sufficiency of the evidence to support the jury’s finding their crimes had been committed to benefit a criminal street gang.
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